Skip to content
01Alfabet · Pronunciation

The Dutch alphabet,sound by sound.

A to Z with every letter's name, its sound and example words — plus the combinations that trip up English speakers: the guttural g, the impossible ui, ij versus ei. Tap any word to hear it.

A

said aa

short 'a' as in 'father', clipped

02The hard ones

The sounds English doesn't have.

g / chthe guttural G

A raspy scrape at the back of the throat, like the 'ch' in Scottish 'loch'. g and ch sound the same.

uithe hardest vowel

No English equivalent — round your lips and glide from 'ow' toward 'uh'. Keep trying, it clicks.

ij / eilong ij and short ei

Both sound identical, roughly like 'ay' in 'hay' but shorter and sharper. Spelling differs, sound doesn't.

euthe eu sound

Like French 'eu' or German 'ö' — say 'e' with rounded lips.

oethe oe sound

Like the 'oo' in English 'food'.

au / ouau and ou

Both sound the same, like 'ow' in 'now'. Spelling differs, sound doesn't.

schthe sch cluster

's' followed by the guttural 'ch' — s-ch, not English 'sh'. At the end of a word (‑isch) it's just 's'.

ngthe ng sound

Like 'ng' in English 'sing' — one sound, no hard 'g' after it.

aa / ee / oo / uudouble vowels are long

A doubled vowel is simply held longer: man vs maan, bom vs boom. Length changes the meaning.

26 letters and 9 sound groups, with 137 example words — all with native audio.

03Letter by letter

Open any letter.

04Common questions

How do you pronounce the Dutch alphabet?

The Dutch alphabet has the same 26 letters as English, but several are named and pronounced differently. The letters are said aa, bee, cee, dee, ee, ef, gee, haa, ie, jee, kaa, el, em, en, oo, pee, kuu, er, es, tee, uu, vee, wee, iks, i-grec and zet. The big surprises are g (a throaty scrape), j (sounds like English 'y') and the vowel u (like French ü).

Why is the Dutch G so hard to say?

The Dutch g (and ch) is a guttural sound made at the back of the throat, like the 'ch' in the Scottish word 'loch' — English has nothing quite like it. It's the same sound in goud (gold), lachen (to laugh) and the famous gezellig. In the south of the Netherlands and in Belgium it's softer; in the north it's harsher. Both are correct.

Do ij and ei sound the same in Dutch?

Yes. The 'long ij' (as in mij, wij) and the 'short ei' (as in trein, klein) are pronounced identically — roughly like 'ay' in 'hay' but shorter and sharper. Only the spelling differs, which is why Dutch children learn which words take ij and which take ei. The same is true for au and ou: same sound, different spelling.

What's the difference between a single and double vowel?

A doubled vowel is simply held longer, and the length changes the meaning: man (man) vs maan (moon), bom (bomb) vs boom (tree), zon (sun) vs zoon (son). Getting vowel length right is one of the fastest ways to sound clearer, so the examples here pair short and long sounds to train your ear.

Beyond the letters

Sounds are step one. We built the whole exam.

Vocabulary, grammar and all five DUO sections — Reading, Listening, Writing, Speaking and KNM — in the real exam format.

Start now →Practise the full inburgeringsexamen in one place.