Learning route per group (all cohorts)
| Group | B1-route | Education route | Z-route (self-reliance) | No route yet | Total | Share B1 route | Share Z-route |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Asylum status holders | 44,503 | 6,911 | 26,571 | 19,106 | 97,091 | 57.1% | 34.1% |
| Family migrants | 38,919 | 95 | 2,651 | 10,124 | 51,789 | 93.4% | 6.4% |
| Other | 3,027 | 5 | 392 | 1,625 | 5,049 | 88.4% | 11.4% |
| Total | 86,449 | 7,011 | 29,614 | 30,855 | 153,929 | 70.2% | 24.1% |
People included in these figures
- Everyone who received a decision from DUO that they are obliged to integrate under the Wet inburgering 2021. The cohort is the year of that decision, not the year of arrival.
- People under the old Wet inburgering 2013 are not included; that law has no learning routes.
- DUO withholds cells of 1 to 4 people. The figures on this page are built from rows with 53 such cells, so the totals are a lower bound.
- Source: DUO open onderwijsdata, WI 2021 Instroom, Uitstroom en Leerroute (updated October 2026). The dataset is refreshed monthly and runs to the end of the last full month.
- DUO uses three groups: asylum status holders (including family members joining them), family migrants, and other, such as religious ministers and people whose earlier exemption ended.
Data last updated: October 2026.
What this means for your exam
Your group also decides whether you pay yourself and can borrow from DUO; see who must do inburgering. Most family migrants end up in the B1 route, which leads to the exams described on the inburgering exam; the three routes are set out in the Civic Integration Act 2021.
More inburgering statistics
- Inburgering learning routes in numbers: B1, education and Z-route by year
- Learning route by municipality: what the 25 largest gemeenten assign
- How many people must do inburgering? New obliged newcomers per year and per group
- How many newcomers have finished? Inburgering status per cohort
- No learning route yet: how many newcomers per municipality are waiting for their PIP
- How do newcomers complete inburgering? Exams, Z-route, dispensation and exemption in numbers